1 10 37 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Victresses Description An account of the resource Women who have won a contest; in practice this is the same as attested participants since the preserved sources only inform us about successful women. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source Type Physical type of source Literary source Commentary On Cynisca see also Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 3.8.1-2; 5.12.5; 6.1.6; Plutarchus, Moralia 212b; Plutarchus, Agesilaus 20.1; Xenophon, Agesilaus 9.6; IG V,1 1564a (cf. IvO 160; CEG 820; Anthologia Palatina 13.16). The dates for Cynisca's two Olympian victories in the four-horse chariot race given by Moretti 1957, no. 373, (396 and 392 BCE) are widley accepted, but not certain. Translation At Plane-tree Grove there is also a hero-shrine of Cynisca, daughter of Archidamus king of the Spartans. She was the first woman to breed horses, and the first to win a chariot race at Olympia. Behind the portico built by the side of Plane-tree Grove are other hero-shrines, of Alcimus, of Enaraephorus, at a little distance away one of Dorceus, and close to it one of Sebrus. These are said to be sons of Hippocoon. Translation used William H. S. Jones/Henry A. Ormerod, Pausanias, Description of Greece, vol. 2, Books 3-5 (= Loeb Classical Library; 188), London 1926. Text Any textual data included in the document πρὸς δὲ τῷ Πλατανιστᾷ καὶ Κυνίσκας ἐστὶν ἡρῷον, θυγατρὸς Ἀρχιδάμου βασιλεύοντος Σπαρτιατῶν: πρώτη δὲ ἱπποτρόφησε γυναικῶν καὶ Ὀλυμπίασι πρώτη νίκην ἀνείλετο ἅρματι. ἔστι δὲ τῆς στοᾶς, ἣ παρὰ τὸν Πλατανιστᾶν πεποίηται, ταύτης ὄπισθεν ἡρῷα, τὸ μὲν Ἀλκίμου, τὸ δὲ Ἐναρσφόρου καὶ ἀφεστηκὸς οὐ πολὺ Δορκέως, τὸ δὲ ἐπὶ τούτῳ Σεβροῦ: παῖδας δὲ Ἱπποκόωντος εἶναι λέγουσιν. Edition used Frederick Spiro (ed.), Pausaniae Graeciae Descriptio, vol. 1, Leipzig 1903. Bibliography W. Dittenberger, K. Purgold (eds.), Die Inschriften von Olympia, Berlin 1896. (= IvO) P.A. Hansen (ed.), Carmina epigraphica Graeca saeculi IV a.Chr.n. (CEG 2) (Texte und Kommentare 15), Berlin 1989. (= CEG) W. Kolbe (ed.), Inscriptiones Graecae, V,1: Inscriptiones Laconiae et Messeniae, Berlin 1913. (= IG V,1) L. Moretti, Olympionikai: i vincitori negli antichi agoni olimpici, Rome 1957. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 3.15.1: the victories of Cynisca of Sparta Type The nature or genre of the resource Travel Writing Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource mid 2nd century CE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pausanias Archidamus chariot race contest Cynisca hippic contest Kyniska Olympia Olympic games Sparta tethrippon Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Victresses Description An account of the resource Women who have won a contest; in practice this is the same as attested participants since the preserved sources only inform us about successful women. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source Type Physical type of source Literary source Commentary On Cynisca see also Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 3.15.1; 5.12.5; 6.1.6; Plutarchus, Moralia 212b; Plutarchus, Agesilaus 20.1; Xenophon, Agesilaus 9.6; IG V,1 1564a (cf. IvO 160; CEG 820; Anthologia Palatina 13.16). The dates for Cynisca's two Olympian victories in the four-horse chariot race given by Moretti 1957, no. 373, (396 and 392 BCE) are widley accepted, but not certain. Translation Archidamus left sons when he died, of whom Agis was the elder and inherited the throne instead of Agesilaus. Archidamus had also a daughter, whose name was Cynisca; she was exceedingly ambitious to succeed at the Olympic games, and was the first woman to breed horses and the first to win an Olympic victory. After Cynisca other women, especially women of Lacedaemon, have won Olympic victories, but none of them was more distinguished for their victories than she. The Spartans seem to me to be of all men the least moved by poetry and the praise of poets. For with the exception of the epigram upon Cynisca, of uncertain authorship, and the still earlier one upon Pausanias that Simonides wrote on the tripod dedicated at Delphi, there is no poetic composition to commemorate the doings of the royal houses of the Lacedaemonians. Translation used William H. S. Jones/ Henry A. Ormerod, Pausanias, Description of Greece, vol. 2, Books 3-5 (= Loeb Classical Library; 188), London 1926. Text Any textual data included in the document Ἀρχιδάμου δὲ ὡς ἐτελεύτα καταλιπόντος παῖδας Ἆγίς τε πρεσβύτερος ἦν ἡλικίᾳ καὶ παρέλαβεν ἀντὶ Ἀγησιλάου τὴν ἀρχήν. ἐγένετο δὲ Ἀρχιδάμῳ καὶ θυγάτηρ, ὄνομα μὲν Κυνίσκα, φιλοτιμότατα δὲ ἐς τὸν ἀγῶνα ἔσχε τὸν Ὀλυμπικόν καὶ πρώτη τε ἱπποτρόφησε γυναικῶν καὶ νίκην ἀνείλετο Ὀλυμπικὴν πρώτη. Κυνίσκας δὲ ὕστερον γυναιξὶ καὶ ἄλλαις καὶ μάλιστα ταῖς ἐκ Λακεδαίμονος γεγόνασιν Ὀλυμπικαὶ νῖκαι, ὧν ἡ ἐπιφανεστέρα ἐς τὰς νίκας οὐδεμία ἐστὶν αὐτῆς. δοκοῦσι δὲ οἱ Σπαρτιᾶταί μοι ποίησιν καὶ ἔπαινον τὸν ἀπ᾽ αὐτῆς ἥκιστα ἀνθρώπων θαυμάσαι: ὅτι γὰρ μὴ τῇ Κυνίσκᾳ τὸ ἐπίγραμμα ἐποίησεν ὅστις δή, καὶ ἔτι πρότερον Παυσανίᾳ τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ τρίποδι Σιμωνίδης τῷ ἀνατεθέντι ἐς Δελφούς, ἄλλο δέ γε παρὰ ἀνδρὸς ποιητοῦ Λακεδαιμονίων τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν οὐδέν ἐστιν ἐς μνήμην. Edition used Frederick Spiro (ed.), Pausaniae Graeciae Descriptio, vol. 1, Leipzig 1903. Bibliography W. Dittenberger, K. Purgold (eds.), Die Inschriften von Olympia, Berlin 1896. (= IvO) P.A. Hansen (ed.), Carmina epigraphica Graeca saeculi IV a.Chr.n. (CEG 2) (Texte und Kommentare 15), Berlin 1989. (= CEG) W. Kolbe (ed.), Inscriptiones Graecae, V,1: Inscriptiones Laconiae et Messeniae, Berlin 1913. (= IG V,1) L. Moretti, Olympionikai: i vincitori negli antichi agoni olimpici, Rome 1957. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 3.8.1-2: the victories of Cynisca of Sparta Type The nature or genre of the resource Travel Writing Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource mid 2nd century CE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pausanias Archidamus chariot race contest Cynisca hippic contest Kyniska Olympia Olympic games Sparta tethrippon Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Victresses Description An account of the resource Women who have won a contest; in practice this is the same as attested participants since the preserved sources only inform us about successful women. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source Type Physical type of source Literary source Commentary On Cynisca see also Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 3.8.1-2; 3.15.1; 6.1.6; Plutarchus, Moralia 212b; Plutarchus, Agesilaus 20.1; Xenophon, Agesilaus 9.6; IG V,1 1564a (cf. IvO 160; CEG 820; Anthologia Palatina 13.16). The dates for Cynisca's two Olympian victories in the four-horse chariot race given by Moretti 1957, no. 373, (396 and 392 BCE) are widley accepted, but not certain. Translation The offerings inside, or in the fore-temple include: a throne of Arimnestus, king of Etruria, who was the first foreigner to present an offering to the Olympic Zeus, and bronze horses of Cynisca, tokens of an Olympic victory. These are not as large as real horses, and stand in the fore-temple on the right as you enter. There is also a tripod, plated with bronze, upon which, before the table was made, were displayed the crowns for the victors. Translation used William H. S. Jones/ Henry A. Ormerod, Pausanias, Description of Greece, vol. 2, Books 3-5 (= Loeb Classical Library; 188), London 1926. Text Any textual data included in the document ἀναθήματα δὲ ὁπόσα ἔνδον ἢ ἐν τῷ προνάῳ κεῖται, θρόνος ἐστὶν Ἀριμνήστου βασιλεύσαντος ἐν Τυρσηνοῖς, ὃς πρῶτος βαρβάρων ἀναθήματι τὸν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ Δία ἐδωρήσατο, καὶ ἵπποι Κυνίσκας χαλκοῖ, σημεῖα Ὀλυμπικῆς νίκης: οὗτοι μέγεθος μὲν ἀποδέουσιν ἵππων, ἑστήκασι δὲ ἐν τῷ προνάῳ τοῖς ἐσιοῦσιν ἐν δεξιᾷ. κεῖται δὲ καὶ τρίπους ἐπίχαλκος, ἐφ᾽ οὗ πρὶν ἢ τὴν τράπεζαν ποιηθῆναι προετίθεντο τοῖς νικῶσιν οἱ στέφανοι. Edition used Frederick Spiro (ed.), Pausaniae Graeciae Descriptio, vol. 2, Leipzig 1903. Bibliography W. Dittenberger, K. Purgold (eds.), Die Inschriften von Olympia, Berlin 1896. (= IvO) P.A. Hansen (ed.), Carmina epigraphica Graeca saeculi IV a.Chr.n. (CEG 2) (Texte und Kommentare 15), Berlin 1989. (= CEG) W. Kolbe (ed.), Inscriptiones Graecae, V,1: Inscriptiones Laconiae et Messeniae, Berlin 1913. (= IG V,1) L. Moretti, Olympionikai: i vincitori negli antichi agoni olimpici, Rome 1957. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 5.12.5: the victories of Cynisca of Sparta Type The nature or genre of the resource Travel Writing Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource mid 2nd century CE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pausanias chariot race contest Cynisca hippic contest Kyniska Olympia Olympic games tethrippon Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Victresses Description An account of the resource Women who have won a contest; in practice this is the same as attested participants since the preserved sources only inform us about successful women. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source Type Physical type of source Literary source Translation Afterwards they added races for chariots and pairs of foals, and for single foals with rider. It is said that the victors proclaimed were: for the chariot and pair, Belistiche, a woman from the seaboard of Macedonia; for the ridden race, Tlepolemus of Lycia. Tlepolemus, they say, won at the hundred and thirty-first Festival, and Belistiche at the third before this. At the hundred and forty-fifth Festival prizes were offered for boys in the pancratium, the victory falling to Phaedimus, an Aeolian from the city Troas. Translation used William H. S. Jones/ Henry A. Ormerod, Pausanias, Description of Greece, vol. 2, Books 3-5 (= Loeb Classical Library; 188), London 1926. Text Any textual data included in the document προσέθεσαν δὲ ὕστερον καὶ συνωρίδα πώλων καὶ πῶλον κέλητα: ἐπὶ μὲν δὴ τῇ συνωρίδι Βελιστίχην ἐκ Μακεδονίας τῆς ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ γυναῖκα, Τληπόλεμον δὲ Λύκιον ἀναγορευθῆναι λέγουσιν ἐπὶ τῷ κέλητι, τοῦτον μὲν ἐπὶ τῆς πρώτης καὶ τριακοστῆς τε καὶ ἑκατοστῆς Ὀλυμπιάδος, τῆς δὲ Βελιστίχης τὴν συνωρίδα Ὀλυμπιάδι πρὸ ταύτης τρίτῃ. πέμπτῃ δὲ ἐπὶ ταῖς τεσσαράκοντα καὶ ἑκατὸν ἆθλα ἐτέθη παγκρατίου παισί, καὶ ἐνίκα Φαίδιμος Αἰολεὺς ἐκ πόλεως Τρῳάδος. Edition used Frederick Spiro (ed.), Pausaniae Graeciae Descriptio. Pausanias, 3 Vols, Leipzig 1903. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 5.8.11: the victory of Belistiche of Macedon (?) Type The nature or genre of the resource Travel Writing Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource mid 2nd century CE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pausanias Belestiche Belistiche chariot race contest hippic contest Macedonia synoris Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Victresses Description An account of the resource Women who have won a contest; in practice this is the same as attested participants since the preserved sources only inform us about successful women. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source Type Physical type of source Literary source Commentary On Cynisca see also Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 3.8.1-2; 3.15.1; 5.12.5; Plutarchus, Moralia 212b; Plutarchus, Agesilaus 20.1; Xenophon, Agesilaus 9.6; IG V,1 1564a (cf. IvO 160; CEG 820; Anthologia Palatina 13.16). The dates for Cynisca's two Olympian victories in the four-horse chariot race given by Moretti 1957, no. 373, (396 and 392 BCE) are widley accepted, but not certain. Translation As for Cynisca, daughter of Archidamus, her ancestry and Olympic victories, I have given an account thereof in my history of the Lacedaemonian kings. By the side of the statue of Troilus at Olympia has been made a basement of stone, whereon are a chariot and horses, a charioteer, and a statue of Cynisca herself, made by Apelles; there are also inscriptions relating to Cynisca. Translation used William H. S. Jones, Pausanias, Description of Greece, vol. 3, Books 6-8.21 (= Loeb Classical Library; 272), London 1933. Text Any textual data included in the document ἐς δὲ τὴν Ἀρχιδάμου Κυνίσκαν, ἐς τὸ γένος τε αὐτῆς καὶ ἐπὶ ταῖς Ὀλυμπικαῖς νίκαις, πρότερον ἔτι ἐδήλωσα ἐν τοῖς λόγοις οἳ ἐς τοὺς βασιλέας τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίων ἔχουσι: πεποίηται δὲ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ παρὰ τὸν ἀνδριάντα τοῦ Τρωίλου λίθου κρηπὶς καὶ ἅρμα τε ἵππων καὶ ἀνὴρ ἡνίοχος καὶ αὐτῆς Κυνίσκας εἰκών, Ἀπελλοῦ τέχνη, γέγραπται δὲ καὶ ἐπιγράμματα ἐς τὴν Κυνίσκαν ἔχοντα. Edition used Frederick Spiro (ed.), Pausaniae Graeciae Descriptio, vol. 2, Leipzig 1903. Bibliography W. Dittenberger, K. Purgold (eds.), Die Inschriften von Olympia, Berlin 1896. (= IvO) P.A. Hansen (ed.), Carmina epigraphica Graeca saeculi IV a.Chr.n. (CEG 2) (Texte und Kommentare 15), Berlin 1989. (= CEG) W. Kolbe (ed.), Inscriptiones Graecae, V,1: Inscriptiones Laconiae et Messeniae, Berlin 1913. (= IG V,1) L. Moretti, Olympionikai: i vincitori negli antichi agoni olimpici, Rome 1957. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 6.1.6: the victories of Cynisca of Sparta Type The nature or genre of the resource Travel Writing Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource mid 2nd century CE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pausanias chariot race contest Cynisca Kyniska Olympia Olympic games Sparta tethrippon Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Victresses Description An account of the resource Women who have won a contest; in practice this is the same as attested participants since the preserved sources only inform us about successful women. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source Type Physical type of source Literary source Commentary The date of Euryleonis' victory is uncertain. Moretti 1957, no. 418, dates it to 368 BCE without explanation. Since Pausanias does not comment on the date of her victory, all we know for certain is that it must have been sometime between 400 BCE and the second century AD. Considering that most women won at the races in the Hellenistic period, it is not unreasonable to assume that Euryleonis' victory also falls into this period. Translation On the right of the Lady of the Bronze House has been set up an image of Zeus Most High, the oldest image that is made of bronze. It is not wrought in one piece. Each of the limbs has been hammered separately; these are fitted together, being prevented from coming apart by nails. They say that the artist was Clearchus of Rhegium, who is said by some to have been a pupil of Dipoenus and Scyllis, by others of Daedalus himself. By what is called the Scenoma (tent) there is a statue of a woman, whom the Lacedaemonians say is Euryleonis. She won a victory at Olympia with a two-horse chariot. Translation used William H. S. Jones/Henry A. Ormerod, Pausanias, Description of Greece, vol. 2, Books 3-5 (= Loeb Classical Library; 188), London 1926. Text Any textual data included in the document τῆς Χαλκιοίκου δὲ ἐν δεξιᾷ Διὸς ἄγαλμα Ὑπάτου πεποίηται, παλαιότατον πάντων ὁπόσα ἐστὶ χαλκοῦ: δι᾽ ὅλου γὰρ οὐκ ἔστιν εἰργασμένον, ἐληλασμένου δὲ ἰδίᾳ τῶν μερῶν καθ᾽ αὑτὸ ἑκάστου συνήρμοσταί τε πρὸς ἄλληλα καὶ ἧλοι συνέχουσιν αὐτὰ μὴ διαλυθῆναι. καὶ Κλέαρχον δὲ ἄνδρα Ῥηγῖνον τὸ ἄγαλμα ποιῆσαι λέγουσιν, ὃν Διποίνου καὶ Σκύλλιδος, οἱ δὲ αὐτοῦ Δαιδάλου φασὶν εἶναι μαθητήν. πρὸς δὲ τῷ Σκηνώματι ὀνομαζομένῳ γυναικός ἐστιν εἰκών, Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ Εὐρυλεωνίδα λέγουσιν εἶναι: νίκην δὲ ἵππων συνωρίδι ἀνείλετο Ὀλυμπικήν. Edition used Frederick Spiro (ed.), Pausaniae Graeciae Descriptio, vol. 2, Leipzig 1903. Bibliography L. Moretti, Olympionikai: i vincitori negli antichi agoni olimpici, Rome 1957. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 3.17.6: the victory of Euryleonis of Sparta Type The nature or genre of the resource Travel writing Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource mid 2nd century CE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pausanias chariot race contest Euryleonis hippic contest Olympia Olympic games Sparta synoris Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Victresses Description An account of the resource Women who have won a contest; in practice this is the same as attested participants since the preserved sources only inform us about successful women. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source Type Physical type of source Literary source Commentary On Cynisca see also Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 3.8.1-2; 3.15.1; 5.12.5; 6.1.6; Plutarchus, Moralia 212b; Xenophon, Agesilaus 9.6; IG V,1 1564a (cf. IvO 160; CEG 820; Anthologia Palatina 13.16). The dates for Cynisca's two Olympian victories in the four-horse chariot race given by Moretti 1957, no. 373, (396 and 392 BCE) are widley accepted, but not certain. Translation However, on seeing that some of the citizens esteemed themselves highly and were greatly lifted up because they bred racing horses, he (Agesilaos) persuaded his sister Cynisca to enter a chariot in the contests at Olympia, wishing to shew the Greeks that the victory there was not a mark of any great excellence, but simply of wealth and lavish outlay. Translation used Bernadotte Perrin, Plutarch's Lives, vol. 5 (= Loeb Classical Library; 87), Cambridge/London 1917. Text Any textual data included in the document οὐ μὴν ἀλλὰ ὁρῶν ἐνίους τῶν πολιτῶν ἀπὸ ἱπποτροφίας δοκοῦντας εἶναι τινας καὶ μέγα φρονοῦντας, ἔπεισε τὴν ἀδελφὴν Κυνίσκαν ἅρμα καθεῖσαν Ὀλυμπίασιν ἀγωνίσασθαι, βουλόμενος ἐνδείξασθαι τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ὡς οὐδεμιᾶς ἐστιν ἀρετῆς, ἀλλὰ πλούτου καὶ δαπάνης ἡ νίκη. Edition used Bernadotte Perrin (ed.), Plutarch's Lives, vol. 5 (= Loeb Classical Library; 87) Cambridge, MA/London 1917. Bibliography W. Dittenberger, K. Purgold (eds.), Die Inschriften von Olympia, Berlin 1896. (= IvO) P.A. Hansen (ed.), Carmina epigraphica Graeca saeculi IV a.Chr.n. (CEG 2) (Texte und Kommentare 15), Berlin 1989. (= CEG) W. Kolbe (ed.), Inscriptiones Graecae, V,1: Inscriptiones Laconiae et Messeniae, Berlin 1913. (= IG V,1) L. Moretti, Olympionikai: i vincitori negli antichi agoni olimpici, Rome 1957. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Plutarchus, Agesilaus 20.1: the victories of Cynisca of Sparta Type The nature or genre of the resource Biography Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 46 - after 120 CE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Plutarchus chariot race contest Cynisca hippic contest Kyniska Olympia Olympic games tethrippon Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Victresses Description An account of the resource Women who have won a contest; in practice this is the same as attested participants since the preserved sources only inform us about successful women. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source Type Physical type of source Literary source Commentary On Cynisca see also Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 3.8.1-2; 3.15.1; 5.12.5; 6.1.6; Plutarchus, Agesilaus 20.1; Xenophon, Agesilaus 9.6; IG V,1 1564a (cf. IvO 160; CEG 820; Anthologia Palatina 13.16). The dates for Cynisca's two Olympian victories in the four-horse chariot race given by Moretti 1957, no. 373, (396 and 392 BCE) are widley accepted, but not certain. Translation Seeing that some of the citizens thought themselves to be somebody and gave themselves great airs because they kept a racing stud, he persuaded his sister Cynisca to enter a chariot in the races at Olympia, for he wished to demonstrate to the Greeks that this sort of thing was no sign of excellence, but only of having money and being willing to spend it. Translation used Frank Cole Babbitt (ed.), Plutarch’s Moralia, vol. 3, 172a-263c (Loeb Classical Library 245), Cambridge, MA 1931. Text Any textual data included in the document ὁρῶν δ᾽ ἐνίους τῶν πολιτῶν ἀπὸ ἱπποτροφίας δοκοῦντας εἶναί τινας καὶ μεγαλοφρονοῦντας, ἔπεισε τὴν ἀδελφὴν Κυνίσκαν ἅρμα καθεῖσαν Ὀλυμπίασιν ἀγωνίσασθαι, βουλόμενος ἐνδείξασθαι τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ὡς οὐδεμιᾶς ἐστιν ἀρετῆς πλούτου δὲ καὶ δαπάνης τὰ τοιαῦτα. Edition used Gregorios N. Bernardakis (ed.), Plutarchi Chaeronensis moralia, vol. 2, Leipzig 1889. Bibliography W. Dittenberger, K. Purgold (eds.), Die Inschriften von Olympia, Berlin 1896. (= IvO) P.A. Hansen (ed.), Carmina epigraphica Graeca saeculi IV a.Chr.n. (CEG 2) (Texte und Kommentare 15), Berlin 1989. (= CEG) W. Kolbe (ed.), Inscriptiones Graecae, V,1: Inscriptiones Laconiae et Messeniae, Berlin 1913. (= IG V,1) L. Moretti, Olympionikai: i vincitori negli antichi agoni olimpici, Rome 1957. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Plutarchus, Apophthegmata Laconica, Agesilaus 49 (Moralia 212b): the victories of Cynisca of Sparta Type The nature or genre of the resource Historical Anecdotes Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 46 - after 120 CE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Plutarchus chariot race contest Cynisca hippic contest Kyniska Olympia Olympic games tethrippon Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Victresses Description An account of the resource Women who have won a contest; in practice this is the same as attested participants since the preserved sources only inform us about successful women. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source Type Physical type of source Literary source Commentary This scholion has been attributed to the Byzantine Bishop Arethas of Patras (10th century CE) by some and to the Greek humanist Michael Souliardos (15th-16th century CE) by others: W. Larfeld, Griechische Epigraphik, München 1914, 11, leaves both options open. A.D. Rizakis, Achaïe II. La cité de Patras: épigraphie et histoire, Athens 1998, no. 267, dates the inscription to the 2nd - 4th century CE, but there is not much to go by. Translation I myself saw in Patras on the Peloponnese by the ruins of the ancient houses this inscription on the capital of a column: (This statue of) Nikegora, who won on the racetrack the footrace for maidens, my most sweet sister, I, Nikophilos, have here set up in Parian Marble. Translation used translation by Alexander Meeus for the Cynisca project Text Any textual data included in the document εἶδον ἐγὼ ἐν Πάτραις τῆς Πελοποννήσου ἐπὶ τοῖς ἐρειπίοις τῶν παλαιῶν οἰκοδομημάτων ἐπὶ κίονος κεφαλίδος ταύτην τὴν γραφήν· Νικηγόραν Νικόφιλος νικήσασαν δρόμῳ τὸν τῶν παρθένων δρόμον τῇδ’ ἀνέθηκα λίθου Παρίου, τὴν γλυκυτάτην ἀδελφήν Edition used Friedrich Spiro, ‘Ein Leser des Pausanias’, in Festschrift Johannes Vahlen zum Siebenzigsten Geburtstag gewidmet von Seinen Schülern, Berlin 1900, 129-138. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Scholion on Pausanias 5.16.2: victory inscription of Nikegora Type The nature or genre of the resource Scholion / inscription Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 10th-16th century CE (scholion); inscription undated Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Anonymous contest Maiden race Nikegora Patras race victory inscription victory monument Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Victresses Description An account of the resource Women who have won a contest; in practice this is the same as attested participants since the preserved sources only inform us about successful women. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Source Type Physical type of source Literary source Commentary On Cynisca see also Pausanias, Graeciae Descriptio 3.8.1-2; 3.15.1; 5.12.5; 6.1.6; Plutarchus, Moralia 212b; Plutarchus, Agesilaus 20.1; IG V,1 1564a (cf. IvO 160; CEG 820; Anthologia Palatina 13.16). The dates for Cynisca's two Olympian victories in the four-horse chariot race given by Moretti 1957, no. 373, (396 and 392 BCE) are widley accepted, but not certain. Translation Surely, too, he did what was seemly and dignified when he (Agesilaos) adorned his own estate with works and possessions worthy of a man, keeping many hounds and war horses, but persuaded his sister Cynisca to breed chariot horses, and showed by her victory that such a stud marks the owner as a person of wealth, but not necessarily of merit. How clearly his true nobility comes out in his opinion that a victory in the chariot race over private citizens would add not a whit to his renown; but if he held the first place in the affection of the people, gained the most friends and best all over the world, outstripped all others in serving his fatherland and his comrades and in punishing his adversaries, then he would be victor in the noblest and most splendid contests, and would gain high renown both in life and after death. Translation used Edgar C. Marchant, Xenophon in Seven Volumes, vol. 7, Scripta Minora: Hiero, Agesilaus, Constitution of the Lacedaemonians, Ways and Means, Cavalry Commander, Art of Horsemanship, On Hunting, Constitution of the Athenians (= Loeb Classical Library; 183), Cambridge, MA/London 1925. Text Any textual data included in the document ἐκεῖνό γε μὴν πῶς οὐ καλὸν καὶ μεγαλογνῶμον, τὸ αὐτὸν μὲν ἀνδρὸς ἔργοις καὶ κτήμασι κοσμεῖν τὸν ἑαυτοῦ οἶκον, κύνας τε πολλοὺς θηρευτὰς καὶ ἵππους πολεμιστηρίους τρέφοντα, Κυνίσκαν δὲ ἀδελφὴν οὖσαν πεῖσαι ἁρματοτροφεῖν καὶ ἐπιδεῖξαι νικώσης αὐτῆς ὅτι τὸ θρέμμα τοῦτο οὐκ ἀνδραγαθίας ἀλλὰ πλούτου ἐπίδειγμά ἐστι; τόδε γε μὴν πῶς οὐ σαφῶς πρὸς τὸ γενναῖον ἔγνω, ὅτι ἅρματι μὲν νικήσας τοὺς ἰδιώτας οὐδὲν ὀνομαστότερος ἂν εἴη γένοιτο, εἰ δὲ φίλην μὲν πάντων μάλιστα τὴν πόλιν ἔχοι, πλείστους δὲ φίλους καὶ ἀρίστους ἀνὰ πᾶσαν τὴν γῆν κεκτῇτο, νικῴη δὲ τὴν μὲν πατρίδα καὶ τοὺς ἑταίρους εὐεργετῶν, τοὺς δὲ ἀντιπάλους τιμωρούμενος, ὅτι ὄντως ἂν εἴη νικηφόρος τῶν καλλίστων καὶ μεγαλοπρεπεστάτων ἀγωνισμάτων καὶ ὀνομαστότατος καὶ ζῶν καὶ τελευτήσας γένοιτ᾽ ἄν; Edition used Edgar C. Marchant (ed.), Xenophon in Seven Volumes, vol. 7, Scripta Minora: Hiero, Agesilaus, Constitution of the Lacedaemonians, Ways and Means, Cavalry Commander, Art of Horsemanship, On Hunting, Constitution of the Athenians (= Loeb Classical Library; 183), Cambridge, MA/London 1925. Bibliography W. Dittenberger, K. Purgold (eds.), Die Inschriften von Olympia, Berlin 1896. (= IvO) P.A. Hansen (ed.), Carmina epigraphica Graeca saeculi IV a.Chr.n. (CEG 2) (Texte und Kommentare 15), Berlin 1989. (= CEG) W. Kolbe (ed.), Inscriptiones Graecae, V,1: Inscriptiones Laconiae et Messeniae, Berlin 1913. (= IG V,1) L. Moretti, Olympionikai: i vincitori negli antichi agoni olimpici, Rome 1957. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Xenophon, Agesilaus 9.6-7: the victories of Cynisca of Sparta Type The nature or genre of the resource Enkomion Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource ca. 428–354 BCE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Xenophon Agesilaos chariot race contest Cynisca hippic contest Kyniska Olympia Olympic games tethrippon